Therapy

• Diagnosis of hypertension
• Blood Pressure Goals
• Recommendations for evaluation
  • Treatable causes
  • End-organ damage
  • Cardiovascular risks
  • Barriers to treatment
• Recommendations for management
  • Nonpharmalogical measures
  • Pharmacological measures
    • Thiazides
    • Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
    • Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
    • Non-thiazide diuretics
    • Beta blockers
    • Alpha blockers
    • Calcium channel blockers
    • Direct renin inhibitors
    • Non-specific vasodilators
    • Selected combination regimens
    • Adjust regimens

• medications
• The COURAGE Trial
• AHA recommendations for Life style modifications
• Interventions
  • PCI
  • CABG
• Comments
• Conclusions
  

Current guidelines support dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix) in a number of clinical scenarios:

• ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (SEMI),
• Non-ST-elevation MI,
• Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
  

Physicians are often asked to estimate the risk for peri-operative myocardial infarction or cardiac death in patients being considered for non-cardiac surgery. Almost 30 million patients undergo noncardiac surgery annually in the United States; about one third have known coronary artery disease or risk factors for atherosclerosis.